人与野生动物的互动是否预测了城市周边的地鹿的后代隐藏策略?
Jane Faull1, Kimberly Conteddu1, Laura L Griffin1,2
1Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Behaviour, SBES, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Royal Society open science
|March 21, 2024
概括
人类养野生动物可能会改变动物的行为. 令人惊的是,更大胆的鹿母亲在人类附近寻找食物,选择了更安全,更隐蔽的床位为他们的小鹿,这与预期相反.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态学野生动物生态学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 人类活动显著影响野生动物的行为,像狩猎这样的开采互动得到了很好的研究.
- 非提取性人类互动,如野生动物食,人们对它们的理解较少,特别是关于它们对反捕食者策略的影响.
- 人们往往喜欢更大胆的野生动物个体,但这种偏好的生态后果尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查是否靠近人类寻找食物的休息鹿母表现出较弱的反捕食者策略.
- 为了确定这些更大胆的母亲是否选择更不隐蔽的养床位,更接近人类活动.
- 了解寻求人类提供的食物和后代保护之间的权衡.
主要方法:
- 在四年内在郊区环境中对鹿 (Dama dama) 的纵向研究.
- 数据收集涉及110只母猪的172只小鹿的281次捕获事件.
- 分析的重点是母亲接近人类寻找食物的倾向,以及他们选择相对于人类存在的情床位的选择.
主要成果:
- 与假设相反,经常接受人类食物的母亲选择了更隐蔽的养床位.
- 这些床位距离人类热点更远,这表明后代的保护得到了加强.
- 这一策略使母亲在哺乳期可以从额外的粮食资源中受益,同时确保幼的安全.
结论:
- 鹿母亲在人类食互动的反应中表现出行为适应.
- 接近人类寻找食物的趋势与保护后代的特定策略有关.
- 这些发现突出了野生动物面临人类存在和资源供应的复杂行为调整.
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