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在增强双价mRNA疫苗接种后8天内混合BA.5感染加强并延长宿主免疫力
Mingzhu Huang1, Tingting Cui1,2, Siyi Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Journal of medical virology
|March 21, 2024
概括
第四个mRNA疫苗剂量提供了48%的保护,防止有症状的SARS-CoV-2 BA.5感染. 虽然早期感染可能会暂时减少抗体和T细胞反应,但最终会增强免疫力,缓解人们对疫苗接种后感染的担忧.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 有关SARS-CoV-2感染在接种疫苗后不久对疫苗诱导免疫力的影响存在担忧.
- 了解这种相互作用对于流行病管理和疫苗战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在第四剂双价mRNA疫苗接种8天内发生的BA.5感染对免疫反应的影响.
- 评估接种增剂后不久感染的个体的疫苗疗效和随后的免疫动态.
主要方法:
- 对一组接受第四剂双价mRNA疫苗剂量的队列的分析,该队列在接种了三剂非活化疫苗后,随后感染了BA.5.
- 在疫苗接种和感染后的不同时间点测量中和抗体 (Nabs) 和病毒特异性CD4+T细胞反应.
主要成果:
- 辅助mRNA疫苗对症状感染有48%的疗效.
- 接种疫苗后不久的症状感染显示,与未感染个体相比,早期的NAB水平有所变化,CD4+T细胞反应降低.
- 然而,感染后显著提高了对特定变体 (XBB.1.9.1,BA.5) 的NAB水平,并导致了更持久的NAB反应.
结论:
- 在mRNA疫苗接种后不久的BA.5感染可能会暂时损害早期抗体和T细胞召回,但最终会增强宿主免疫力.
- 这些发现缓解了人们对疫苗接种后突破性感染的担忧,并为未来的疫苗施用策略提供了信息.
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