防止电子烟使用的途径:检查真相反吸烟运动的有效性
Elizabeth C Hair1, Jennifer M Kreslake1, Shreya Tulsiani1
1Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative.
概括
通过影响态度和社会规范,truth®运动减缓了年轻人使用电子烟的进展. 这一反吸烟运动强调了在防止年轻人吸收电子烟时感知到可接受性的重要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 大众媒体的宣传活动
背景情况:
- 青少年和年轻成年人中电子烟使用率的上升是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 现有的大众媒体活动旨在制这种趋势,但将竞选曝光与行为结果联系起来的具体途径仍未得到充分探索.
- 了解这些机制对于优化干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查针对运动的态度和感知规范在暴露于真相®运动和电子烟使用进展之间的关系中扮演的调解角色.
- 建立从大众媒体宣传曝光到青少年电子烟使用行为变化的经验路径.
主要方法:
- 利用了四个波的真相纵向队列研究 (N=4,744) 的数据,这是一项针对15-24岁的个人进行的全国代表性调查,这些人在基线时是尼古丁原始的.
- 采用潜增长结构方程建模来分析从广告曝光累积频率 (CFE) 到电子烟使用进展的途径,以针对运动的态度作为调解者.
- 评估了随着时间的推移对态度,感知规范和电子烟使用的变化.
主要成果:
- 发现了一条显著的间接途径,证明广告暴露的累积频率 (CFE) 与电子烟使用的进展较低有关 (β = -.01,p < .0001).
- CFE积极影响了针对运动的态度,这反过来又加强了人们对电子烟使用的看法.
- 更强烈的感知规范与电子烟使用的进展速度较慢显著相关 (β = -.21,p < .0001).
结论:
- 意识和参与真相®反吸烟运动有效地减缓了年轻人开始使用电子烟的进展.
- 该活动的影响通过塑造针对性态度和对电子烟使用的社会可接受性的看法来发挥作用.
- 未来的反吸烟运动应该优先考虑改变对可接受性的看法,以减少青少年和年轻成年人吸收电子烟.
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