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神经网络可以从鼓励代收计算的目标中受益吗? 一个ResNets和对象分类的案例研究
Samuel Lippl1,2,3, Benjamin Peters1,4, Nikolaus Kriegeskorte1,2,5,6
1Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America.
这项研究量化并鼓励神经网络 (ResNets) 的代融合. 虽然开发了方法,使网络更加代和融合,但它们并没有改善计算机视觉任务的概括性.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
背景情况:
- 向剩余神经网络 (ResNets) 可以近似代计算.
- 代计算对许多应用非常有价值.
- 缺乏用于测量和操纵神经网络中代融合的原则方法.
研究的目的:
- 量化ResNets学习代解决方案的程度.
- 引入规范化技术,以促进神经网络中的代融合.
- 调查是否鼓励代的收提供了有利的诱导偏见的概括.
主要方法:
- 定义了三种指数来量化代趋同 (代和趋同).
- 引入软梯度合,以增加重量共享和网络代.
- 应用光谱规范化来强加利普希茨约束,以增强收.
主要成果:
- 当ResNets被传统训练时,它们并不会本质上学习代解决方案.
- 软梯度合和光谱正常化成功地使网络分别变得更加代和融合.
- 代收计算没有在标准或具有挑战性的计算机视觉任务上产生更好的概括.
结论:
- 开发的方法有效地增强了ResNets中的代和融合属性.
- 在经过测试的计算机视觉任务中,鼓励代的融合似乎不是对ResNet概括的有益的诱导偏差.
- 该方法为探索其他网络架构和任务中的代融合提供了一个框架.
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