巴西南部的岩的晚期占用:对Galheta IV考古遗址的多代理研究
Jessica Mendes Cardoso1,2, Fabiana Merencio2,3, Ximena Villagran2
1Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, UMR 5563, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
PloS one
|March 21, 2024
概括
这项研究重新检查了巴西的Galheta IV遗址,揭示它是一个由贝和南方原始Jê种群之间的相互作用形成的墓地,而不是典型的sambaqui或内陆定居点.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 古环境研究 古环境研究
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
背景情况:
- 巴西沿海的考古学特点是大规模的贝堆 (sambaquis) 被占领了数千年.
- 在桑巴基的结构和文化中发生的晚期全新纪的变化促使新的解释.
- 加尔赫塔四号遗址 (大约. 公元前1300-500年) 是了解巴西南部晚期沿海占领的关键.
研究的目的:
- 要确定Galheta IV是否是一个桑巴奎或南方原始Jê定居点.
- 为了分析该遗址的文化和生态动态,在晚期的全新纪.
- 重新评估以前关于贝文化变化的假设.
主要方法:
- 多代理分析包括放射性碳测年 (14C),动物考古学,人类遗骸中的稳定同位素 (δ13C, δ15N, 87Sr/86Sr).
- 陶分析和富里埃变换红外光谱学 (FTIR).
- 重新评估现有数据库和来自8个人类个体的新数据.
主要成果:
- 密集的海洋资源开发,有不同的加工和埋葬区域.
- 通过同位素证实海洋衍生的饮食;人类个体是沿海居民.
- 陶器与Itararé-Taquara沿海地区有关,而不是高地群体.
结论:
- 加勒塔四号被提议作为一个墓地,而不是典型的桑巴奎.
- 有证据表明,贝和南方原始Jê种群之间的长期相互作用.
- 这些发现重塑了对巴西南部晚期沿海占领和文化变化的理解.
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