古人类学中的"蛇和梯子":从认知惊喜到一百万年前的技巧
Héctor Marín Manrique1, Karl John Friston2, Michael John Walker3
1Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ciudad Escolar, s/n, Teruel 44003, Spain.
Physics of life reviews
|March 21, 2024
概括
早期人类的行为进化,包括石头工具制造,可以通过自由能量原理 (FEP) 解释. 这个理论解释了考古记录中手斧等行为出现和消失的原因.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 早期Homo的行为和认知能力的演变通常是由渐进的进步来解释的.
- 考古记录显示,特定行为的零星出现和消失,例如手斧制造,构成了进化难题.
- 传统的解释通常将这些模式归因于Homo物种之间的不同认知能力.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种对早期Homo的行为进化进行节的解释,重点关注石器 (handaxe) 制造.
- 用自由能量原理 (FEP) 解释早期人类行为的考古记录.
- 为人类行为进化中观察到的不连续性提供了另一个观点.
主要方法:
- 应用自由能源原理 (FEP) 来理解人类的自我组织作为生物生态系统.
- 对自我组织的叙述性处理,强调"认知惊喜"在早期的Homo中驱动非正统的行为.
- 使用"主动推断"的概念,对与环境和内在状态相互作用的个体.
主要成果:
- FEP提供了一个框架来解释在考古记录中出现和消失的特定行为,如手斧生产.
- 早期Homo的零星,非正统的行为,可能来自'认知惊喜',可以解释观察到的模式.
- 这种观点将行为不连续性的"进化难题"重新定义为自我组织和个体变化的自然结果.
结论:
- 自由能量原理为早期人类的行为进化的复杂模式提供了通缩和节的解释.
- 在考古记录中观察到的不连续性可能并不意味着认知进化的差距,而是自我组织系统的自然动态.
- 一个人的非典型行为,如果不被认可或有利,可能会丢失,解释行为痕迹的'蛇和梯子'模式.
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