在厄瓜多尔的牲畜中对狂犬病的空间集群,时间行为和风险因素分析
César Briceño-Loaiza1, Bastián Fernández-Sanhueza2, César Benavides-Silva3
1Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Agencia de Regulación y Control Fito y Zoosanitario (AGROCALIDAD), Ecuador; Carrera de Agroecología, Instituto Superior Tecnológico Juan Montalvo, Loja, Ecuador.
Preventive veterinary medicine
|March 21, 2024
概括
动物狂犬病在厄瓜多尔是一个重大威胁,超过46%的受访农场的检测结果呈阳性. 关键的风险因素包括地区和动物类型,强调需要加强监测以控制这种动物传播疾病.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 动物传染病监测动物传染病监测
- 热带被忽视的疾病
背景情况:
- 狂犬病是一种致命的动物传染病,在南美洲,特别是在厄瓜多尔产生重大影响.
- 吸血性蝙蝠是厄瓜多尔狂犬病向牲畜传播的关键载体.
- 了解时间和空间模式对于在厄瓜多尔有效控制狂犬病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定厄瓜多尔动物狂犬病的时间趋势,空间模式和危险因素.
- 分析厄瓜多尔2014年至2019年间动物狂犬病监测计划的数据.
- 为该地区狂犬病预防和控制战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了厄瓜多尔动物狂犬病监测计划 (AGROCALIDAD) 的流行病学调查报告.
- 分析了来自846家牛场的数据,使用直接光抗体 (DFA) 测试进行诊断.
- 采用统计分析,包括空间集群识别和风险因素评估 (例如地区,动物年龄,降雨量).
主要成果:
- 在调查的846家农场中,397家 (46.93%) 的动物狂犬病检测结果呈阳性.
- 确定了6个重要的空间集群,其中3个位于厄瓜多尔东南部的高风险地区.
- 与太平洋沿海低地相比,亚马逊和塞拉地区的狂犬病风险较高;非牛种和老年动物的风险较低. 雨季降雨降低了风险.
结论:
- 狂犬病在厄瓜多尔构成重大风险,具有明显的空间和时间模式.
- 诸如地理区域,动物物种,年龄和降雨等风险因素影响狂犬病的传播.
- 加强国家监测计划对于厄瓜多尔有效预防和控制动物狂犬病至关重要.
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