一个进化机制,将新的营养传感器同化到mTORC1路径中
Grace Y Liu1,2,3, Patrick Jouandin4,5,6, Raymond E Bahng7,8,9
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, USA. grace.yun.liu@berkeley.edu.
Nature communications
|March 22, 2024
概括
mTORC1通路使用一种新的蛋白质,未满足的期望,在果中感知氨酸. 这显示了营养感知途径是如何通过重新定位现有的酶而演变的.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 拉巴胺素通路 (mTORC1) 的机械性标调节基于营养素可用性的细胞生长.
- 在哺乳动物中,专门的传感器检测氨基酸,并通过GATOR1/2复合体发出信号.
- 不同动物群体中特定营养物质传感器的演变仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在mTORC1通路中的营养传感器的进化定制,跨越metazoan类.
- 确定mTORC1通路获得新营养投入的新组件和机制.
主要方法:
- 鉴定和描述Drosophila melanogaster蛋白质未达到预期 (CG11596).
- 生物化学测试以确定Unmet,GATOR2和S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) 之间的直接结合相互作用.
- 在Dipterans中对GATOR2复合适应的进化分析.
主要成果:
- 未满足的期望在果中充当了物种限制的氨酸传感器.
- 恩梅特直接与GATOR2复合体结合,而结合则受到SAM的阻碍.
- 二体中的GATOR2进化以结合Unmet,将甲基转移酶重新用于SAM传感器.
结论:
- mTORC1通路的模块化性质促进了先前存在的酶的合作选择,以扩展营养感应.
- 这种机制允许在保存的信号系统中进化专门的营养投入.
- 这项研究揭示了一条为赋予基本生物过程可进化的新途径.
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