埃塞俄比亚免疫计划的现状和挑战:一种混合方法研究
Tariku Nigatu1, Loko Abraham1, Herman Willems2
1JSI Research and Training Institute Inc., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
SAGE open medicine
|March 22, 2024
概括
埃塞俄比亚在儿童免疫覆盖率和数据质量方面面临挑战,冲突和COVID-19加剧了这一挑战. 需要采取干预措施来解决影响疫苗接种率的系统性问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 儿童免疫对于减少疫苗可以预防的疾病至关重要.
- 埃塞俄比亚在疫苗接种覆盖率和免疫数据质量方面面临挑战.
- 这些问题阻碍了有效的规划,并导致疾病爆发,COVID-19和冲突加剧了这种情况.
研究的目的:
- 评估埃塞俄比亚免疫服务的现状.
- 确定影响疫苗接种覆盖率和数据质量的挑战.
- 为改善免疫计划提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 在埃塞俄比亚三个地区采用混合方法方法.
- 收集了来自69个卫生机构的定量数据和来自9个关键告密者采访的定性数据.
- 数据分析包括描述性统计,线性回归和主题分析.
主要成果:
- 只有66.4%的儿童在12个月内得到完整的疫苗接种;覆盖率因地区和人口规模而异.
- 疫苗接种中断率为8.6% (五价值) 和7.4% (五价值到MCV1).
- 关键的挑战包括数据不准确,供应链问题,可访问性,冲突和护理人员因素.
结论:
- 该研究发现埃塞俄比亚的疫苗接种覆盖率低,脱学率高,数据质量差.
- 边缘化的人群在获得免疫服务方面面临重大障碍.
- 解决组织,行为,技术和上下文因素对于改善免疫计划至关重要.
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