益生菌调节微生物群-肠-大脑轴,并改善HFD养小鼠的焦虑和抑郁类行为
Igor Henrique Rodrigues de Paiva1, Laís Macedo Maciel2, Rodrigo Soares da Silva1
1Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), PE, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|March 22, 2024
概括
诸如果脂糖 (Fructooligosaccharides,FOS) 和银脂糖 (Galactooligosaccharides,GOS) 这样的益生菌在高脂肪饮食的小鼠中逆转了抑郁和焦虑. 这是通过改善肠道微生物群,减少炎症,并积极影响大脑路径来实现的.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群的组成影响情绪调节.
- 高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 可以诱导肥胖,神经炎症和行为变化.
- 已知益生菌可以调节肠道微生物群.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究果醇糖 (FOS) 和银醇糖 (GOS) 对神经炎症,抑郁症和焦虑类行为的影响,小鼠食HFD.
- 探索FOS和GOS对肠道微生物群组成,肠道透性和肠-大脑轴的影响.
主要方法:
- 在18周的时间里,小鼠吃了标准饮食或HFD.
- 另外,HFD组被进一步划分为接受FOS和GOS组合或Fluoxetine的组合.
- 进行行为测试 (TST,FST,SPT,PMT) 和分子分析,以评估神经炎症,肠道微生物群和大脑标志物.
主要成果:
- HFD诱导肥胖,高血糖,血脂不良,以及血清IL-1β的增加.
- 肥胖小鼠显示神经炎症增加 (微细胞,星球细胞,TLR4通路,TNF-α,IL-1β,COX-2),改变了IDO和NMDA受体通路,并减少了神经发生的标志物 (PSD,SAP 102,CREB-p,BDNF).
- FOS和GOS治疗逆转了抑郁和焦虑行为,减少了失调,增加了有益细菌 (B. acidifaciens,B. dorei),降低了肠道透性,降低了炎症.
结论:
- 在小鼠中,FOS和GOS有效地改善HFD诱导的抑郁和焦虑类行为.
- 益生菌治疗使肠道微生物群正常化,减少外围和中心炎症,并积极调节肠-大脑轴.
- FOS和GOS在大脑中促进了酸盐的产生和GPR43的信号传递,增强了神经元的增殖和生存途径.
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