在患有慢性身体疾病的儿童中,精神疾病的连续性
Mark A Ferro1, Christy K Y Chan2, Ellen L Lipman3
1School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada. mark.ferro@uwaterloo.ca.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|March 23, 2024
概括
在患有慢性身体疾病 (CPI) 的儿童中,精神障碍是常见的和持久的. 儿童残疾和家长精神病理是关键预测因素,突出强调需要集成的以家庭为中心的护理来预防心理健康问题.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 儿科心理学 儿科心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 关于患有慢性身体疾病 (CPI) 的儿童长期心理健康的数据有限.
- 了解精神障碍的慢性和连续性对于有效的干预至关重要.
- 在这个人群中,精神伴随性疾病需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查患有CPI的儿童中精神障碍慢性病的患病率和预测因素.
- 调查精神疾病的同型 (同一时间的疾病) 和异型 (不同时间的疾病) 连续性.
- 在24个月内确定与精神共患病相关的临床,家长和人口因素.
主要方法:
- 从加拿大一家儿科医院招募了263名患有CPI诊断的儿童 (2-16岁) 的队列.
- 精神障碍 (情绪,焦虑,行为,多动症) 在基线和24个月使用儿童和青少年迷你国际神经精神病学访谈进行评估.
- 边际回归模型分析了心理并发症的预测因素,考虑了儿童和家长的报告.
主要成果:
- 精神障碍的患病率从24-27% (儿童报告) 到35-39% (家长报告) 之间.
- 在信息者之间观察到精神障碍的显著同型和异型连续性.
- 随着时间的推移,儿童残疾和父母精神病理学始终预测精神障碍.
结论:
- 在患有CPI的儿童中,精神并发症是普遍和持久的,在疾病中具有共同的连续性.
- 儿童残疾和父母的精神病理是显著的危险因素.
- 针对这些因素的集成的以家庭为中心的护理可以预防CPI儿童的精神并发症.
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