咖啡,茶和红酒对高血压患者有好处吗?
Shuchen Zhang1, Boyang Xiang1, Xiangyu Su1
1Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, P. R. China.
Postgraduate medical journal
|March 24, 2024
概括
对于患有高血压的人来说,适度饮用茶和红酒与较低的死亡风险有关. 然而,高咖啡摄入量会增加心血管风险,这表明茶和红酒是更健康的选择.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 高血压是心血管疾病和死亡的主要危险因素.
- 饮食习惯,包括饮料消费,在控制高血压及其相关风险方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 检查茶,咖啡和红酒摄入量与被诊断患有高血压的个体健康风险之间的关联.
- 确定这些饮料对全因死亡率,心血管死亡率和心血管疾病发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,利用来自英国生物库队列的数据.
- 对患有高血压的参与者进行了自我报告的咖啡,茶和红酒消费的评估.
- 考克斯回归模型用于分析饮料摄入量与健康结果之间的关联,计算危险比率和95%置信区间.
主要成果:
- 适度摄入咖啡 (每天1-2杯) 和茶 (每天3-4杯) 与所有原因死亡风险最低相关.
- 红葡萄酒摄入量与全因死亡风险呈反向关联.
- 高咖啡摄入量 (≥6杯/天) 增加了心血管死亡率和疾病的风险,而高茶和红酒摄入量没有.
- 用茶代替水,但不要咖啡,降低死亡率和心血管疾病风险. 用红酒代替其他酒精也降低了风险.
结论:
- 茶和红酒的消费,在一定范围内,可以被认为对高血压患者有益.
- 咖啡的消费,特别是高水平的咖啡,可能会增加心血管疾病的风险.
- 对高血压患者的饮食建议应考虑各种饮料对健康的影响.
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