新技术,精神病学和法律:恐慌,谨慎,可能的可能性
1Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24 D24 NR0A, Ireland.
International journal of law and psychiatry
|March 24, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 的采用反映了历史技术恐慌,需要谨慎,以人为中心的方法. 伦理指导对于整合人工智能至关重要,特别是在精神能力法中,以保护弱势个人.
科学领域:
- 技术采用研究 技术采用研究
- 技术的历史技术的历史.
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
背景情况:
- 历史分析揭示了新技术带来的惊喜和焦虑的反复出现模式.
- 人工智能 (AI) 代表了对现有技术的渐进进步,而不是从根本上改变.
- 由于对决策的潜在影响,对人工智能的担忧在诸如精神能力法等敏感领域得到了放大.
研究的目的:
- 检查技术采用的历史背景及其与当前人工智能讨论的平行.
- 探索人工智能对心理能力法和弱势群体的具体影响.
- 倡导对人工智能集成采取比例,谨慎和以人为中心的方法.
主要方法:
- 过去技术进步和社会反应的历史审查.
- 分析人工智能的当前能力及其与现有技术的关系.
- 关于AI在法律和临床环境中的应用的伦理考虑.
主要成果:
- 技术恐慌是一个反复出现的历史现象,人工智能表现出类似的模式.
- 人工智能的进步在很大程度上是渐进式的,建立在现有的技术基础上.
- 人工智能在心理能力法中的应用需要仔细的伦理考虑,因为对弱势个体的潜在风险.
结论:
- 人工智能,就像以前的技术一样,应该谨慎地采用,专注于以人为中心的整合.
- 伦理意识和指导对于应对人工智能的影响至关重要,特别是在法律和临床环境中.
- 对负责任的人工智能开发和部署来说,需要一个平衡的视角,承认风险和收益.
相关概念视频
Panic Disorder
111
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
111
Psychosurgery
54
Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
54
Drug Therapy
43
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
43
Preparedness and Phobias
100
Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
100
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder
224
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
224
Reason and Intuition
6.4K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.4K


