一个尺寸适合所有? 在综合社会认知模型中评估群体差异,以了解COVID-19疫苗的意图和接种情况
Jennifer M Kowalsky1, Melissa T Buelow1, Amy B Brunell1
1Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, USA.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|March 24, 2024
概括
了解COVID-19疫苗接种情况至关重要. 这项研究发现,态度,感知能力和社会规范预测了接种疫苗的意图和行为,特别是在非早期采用季节性流感疫苗的人群中.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 疫苗计划对于减少人口疾病负担至关重要.
- 尽管COVID-19疫苗在社会复苏中的作用,但覆盖率仍然低于最佳水平.
- 识别疫苗接种的关键预测因素对于加强公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用推理行动方法预测COVID-19疫苗的意图和吸收行为.
- 将特定危险的风险感知纳入预测模型.
- 根据季节性流感疫苗的早期采用者地位,根据传播创新理论来研究模型效应的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向在线调查研究与美国的参与者进行.
- 该研究采用了一种集成的社会认知模型,其中包括理性行动方法和风险感知.
- 分析比较了早期和非早期采用季节性流感疫苗的模型性能和效果.
主要成果:
- 综合社会认知模型被证明对早期和非早期采用者来说都是可以接受的.
- 该模型在非早期采用者中表现更好,显示出更强大的效果大小和更大的差异,解释了COVID-19疫苗意图.
- 工具态度预测了意图 (两组) 和吸收 (非早期采用者). 能力预测了意图 (早期采用者) 和行为 (非早期采用者). 主观规范直接影响了意图,间接影响了非早期采用者的行为.
结论:
- 综合社会认知模型有效预测COVID-19疫苗的意图和行为,特别是对于非早期采用者.
- 干预措施应侧重于疫苗的实用性,自我有效性和社会规范,以改善COVID-19疫苗的接种率.
- 了解早期采用者地位在疫苗决策中的作用,可以为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供信息.
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