野生西部大猩猩在森林中进行致命的战斗
Hugo Potel1, Frédéric Stéphane Niatou Singa2, Chloé Cipolletta2
1Ecoanthropologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France.
iScience
|March 25, 2024
概括
西部大猩猩 (Gorilla大猩猩) 之间发生致命的遭遇,与此前的假设相反. 已故大猩猩的伤害表明,这些战斗是内属的,是由单雄群体的性选择驱动的.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物的行为
- 动物学 动物学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 在由性选择驱动的物种中,致命的群体间遭遇是常见的.
- 据认为,西方大猩猩由于社会结构和饮食而缺乏这些遭遇.
- 山地大猩猩表现出与性选择相关的致命的物种内侵略性.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定死去的西部大猩猩受伤的原因.
- 为了调查西部大猩猩中致命的物种内侵略的发生.
- 将伤害模式与大猩猩和其他物种已知的死亡原因进行比较.
主要方法:
- 对四只已故的西部大猩猩 (三只银背大猩猩,一只成年雌性大猩猩) 的伤害分析.
- 观察到的伤害模式与来自内属大猩猩 (山地大猩猩) 和物种间掠食 () 的记录伤害的比较.
- 识别大猩猩造成的伤口与猎人的伤口的独特伤害特征.
主要成果:
- 确定了两种不同的伤害模式:大猩猩造成的 (孤立的撕裂,圆形伤口) 和造成的 (头部/部的集群刺穿).
- 死亡的西部大猩猩的受伤模式与大猩猩造成的伤口一致,而不是子的掠夺.
- 这表明,在西部大猩猩中,类似于山地大猩猩,发生了致命的物种内部遭遇.
结论:
- 在西方大猩猩中确实会发生由性选择驱动的致命的物种内相遇,特别是在一个雄性社会中.
- 虽然性二态和多妻制可能有利于侵略性,但在一个群体中存在多个雄性可能会减少遭遇频率.
- 这些发现挑战了关于西部大猩猩社会动态和侵略模式的先前假设.
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