通过作物多样化,减少半干旱灌作物系统中的能源和碳足迹
Dabit Bista1, Sushil Sapkota1, Pramod Acharya2
1New Mexico State University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Business, Las Cruces, NM, USA.
Heliyon
|March 25, 2024
概括
半干旱地区的覆盖作物增加了灌玉米和生产的能源输出. 虽然碳足迹各不相同,但覆盖作物可以带来经济和环境的好处,特别是碳信用计划.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 能源成本上升和全球变暖需要评估农业能源和碳足迹.
- 保护和再生农业,以及覆盖作物,在干旱/半干旱系统中的影响未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估覆盖作物综合灌玉米和生产的能源和碳足迹.
- 为了比较不同冬季覆盖作物混合物与美国西南部半干旱地区的无覆盖作物控制.
主要方法:
- 评估的能量输入,输出和净能量,用于有覆盖作物处理 (草/豆类,草/菜/豆类,草/菜) 的灌玉米和菜系统.
- 每个系统的计算碳足迹,单位收益率和成本效益比.
- 将覆盖作物系统与无覆盖作物控制 (NCC) 进行比较.
主要成果:
- 覆盖作物增加了24.1-24.5%的能源投入,但也提高了玉米 (17-22%) 和 (15-24%) 的能源输出.
- 在覆盖作物处理过程中观察到净能量增长,特别是玉米的GBL和GL,的GBL和GB.
- 在玉米系统中,每公斤产量的碳足迹与玉米系统相似,但与NCC相比,在GBL中 (58%) 显著更高. 所有治疗方法的效益与成本比率都超过了1.
结论:
- 覆盖作物可以提高半干旱化系统的净能源生产,提供环境和经济优势.
- 碳信用计划可以显著提高覆盖作物的可行性和效益.
- 对于半干旱地区,建议鼓励在作物放弃系统上进行遮盖作物,以减少能源使用和利用碳信用.
相关概念视频
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.6K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.6K
Responses to Drought and Flooding
10.7K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
10.7K
Energy Budgets
9.2K
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species, like annual plants, have only one reproductive episode in their lifetimes and consequently have short lifespans. Iteroparous species, by contrast, have many reproductive events during their lifetimes but have relatively few offspring. These two...
9.2K
C4 Pathway and CAM
45.5K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
45.5K
The Calvin Benson Cycle
4.5K
Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
4.5K
Sustainable Development
13.3K
As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
13.3K


