压力计和动力拉伸练习的顺序是否会影响随后的冲刺表现? 一个随机交叉干预研究
Devisson S Silva1,2, Daniel Boullosa3,4, Erika V M Pereira1
1Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Brazil.
Biology of sport
|March 25, 2024
概括
在跳跃之前动态拉伸可以增强运动员最后的冲刺加速度阶段. 这种后激活性能增强策略对具有下肢功率的个体是最有益的.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 了解运动顺序对运动表现的急性影响对于优化训练至关重要.
- 激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 是一种现象,在此之前的调节活动可以提高后续的爆炸性性能.
- 动态拉伸 (DS) 和跳跃 (DJ) 的具体顺序及其对冲刺表现的影响,特别是与下肢功率相关,需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估动态拉伸 (DS) 和落地跳跃 (DJ) 的顺序对竞争运动员冲刺表现的急性影响.
- 为了研究后激活性能增强 (PAPE) 在冲刺表现和下肢功率之间的关系.
- 为了确定特定的运动序列是否可以增强加速的不同阶段.
主要方法:
- 一个随机的交叉设计,涉及13名男性跳跃者和短跑者.
- 经过标准化热身后,测试了三种条件:动态拉伸跟随下降跳跃 (DS+DJ),下降跳跃跟随动态拉伸 (DJ+DS),以及对照条件.
- 分析了超过40米的冲刺表现,重点关注初始 (0-20m) 和最终 (20-40m) 加速阶段.
- 双向重复测量ANOVA和Pearson的相关性被用于统计分析.
主要成果:
- 没有观察到干预序列对40米冲刺整体表现的显著影响.
- 与基线相比,在最终加速阶段 (20-40m) 的冲刺表现在DS+DJ条件下显着更高.
- 与基线相比,在DJ+DS条件下,初始加速 (0-20m) 显著受损.
- 在反运动跳跃 (CMJ) 高度和最终加速的改善之间发现了负相关性,表明具有下肢功率的运动员受益更多.
结论:
- 在跳跃跳跃之前进行动态拉伸是一种有效的策略,可以增强冲刺的最后加速阶段.
- 练习的顺序显著影响冲刺表现的不同阶段.
- 具有较低下肢功率水平的运动员从这种激活后性能增强策略中获得最大的好处.
相关概念视频
Exercise and Muscle Performance
1.4K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.4K
Muscle Stimulation Frequency
2.2K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
2.2K
Motor Unit Stimulation
1.5K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
1.5K


