专业门将在不同的每周训练中对外负荷的比较
David Casamichana1, Eider Barba1,2,3, Andres Martín-García4
1Real Sociedad de Fútbol, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
Biology of sport
|March 25, 2024
概括
随着比赛日的临近,职业守门员 (GKs) 经历了减少外部训练负载. 最低的负载发生在比赛前一天 (MD-1),最高的负载在比赛后 (MD+1) 和前四天 (MD-4) 观察到.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 足球 (足球) 绩效分析
- 生物机械负载监测监控
背景情况:
- 了解在微循环中对守门员 (GK) 的外部负载需求对于优化训练和恢复至关重要.
- 之前的研究并没有全面详细介绍专业GK在不同训练日相对于比赛日 (MD) 经历的不同外部负载.
研究的目的:
- 为了在每周的微循环中比较专业守门员在不同会议中的外部训练负载.
- 为了识别与竞争对手相匹配的距离相对较近的GK外部负载的模式.
主要方法:
- 在MD+1,MD-4,MD-3,MD-2和MD-1的训练期间,三名职业门将使用GPS设备进行监控.
- 外部负载变量包括总距离,高速跑距离,加速度负载,球员负载,潜水频率和负载,爆炸物位移力和跳跃特征 (强度和高度).
主要成果:
- 随着训练接近比赛日,观察到外部负载的显著减少.
- 最低的外部负载记录在MD-1上,表明了逐渐缩小的战略.
- 在MD+1和MD-4中,外部负荷最高,这表明比赛后和微循环早期的强度或体积较高的时期.
结论:
- 职业足球门将在比赛前几天显然减少了外部负载.
- 这些发现为教练和体育科学家提供了有价值的数据,以设计更有效的训练周期和恢复协议.
- 根据这些微循环模式实施定制的负载管理策略可以帮助提高守门员的表现并降低受伤风险.
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