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寿命不平等的死亡原因决定因素
Iñaki Permanyer1, Serena Vigezzi2
1Center for Demographic Studies, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
Demography
|March 25, 2024
概括
我们开发了一种新的方法,通过将其分解为死亡原因贡献来理解寿命不平等. 这表明,较不常见的原因,如围产期疾病,显著推动寿命不平等的下降.
科学领域:
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 寿命不平等是人口健康的一个关键指标.
- 了解寿命不平等变化的驱动因素对于公共卫生政策至关重要.
- 现有的方法可能无法完全捕捉不同死亡原因的细微贡献.
研究的目的:
- 引入一种新的分解方法,即不平等比例平均 (IPM) 方法,用于分析寿命不平等.
- 量化特定原因因素对寿命不平等水平和趋势的贡献.
- 将IPM方法应用于欧洲国家,并确定寿命不平等动态的关键驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 开发了不平等比例平均 (IPM) 分解方法.
- 应用IPM方法来分析来自10个欧洲国家的死亡原因数据.
- 将寿命不平等分成三个组成部分:不平等,比例和每个死因的平均死亡年龄.
主要成果:
- IPM方法成功地将寿命不平等分解成不同的组成部分.
- 诸如循环系统疾病和瘤等普遍原因并不是总体寿命不平等水平的主要驱动因素.
- 确定了"产前和先天性"原因是导致寿命不平等下降的重要因素.
- 根据不同死亡原因,性别和国家,IPM组件的相对重要性各不相同.
- "平均"组件 (因特定原因死亡的平均年龄) 解释了寿命不平等动态的最小变化.
结论:
- IPM方法为剖析寿命不平等提供了一个强大的工具.
- 减少因较少流行但影响较大的原因 (例如,围产) 的死亡率可以显著减少寿命不平等.
- 仅仅死亡时平均年龄的变化对整体寿命不平等趋势的影响有限.
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