操纵真菌虫病原体的多层次选择揭示了社会冲突和改善生物控制特征的方法
Zoltan Erdos1, David J Studholme2, Manmohan D Sharma1
1Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom.
PLoS pathogens
|March 25, 2024
概括
像Acanthomyces muscarius这样的真菌寄生虫的毒性进化显示了基因组灵活性,揭示了新的社会相互作用和诸如子生产和竞争性健康等特征之间的权衡.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 寄生虫的毒性进化往往与生命历史的权衡有关.
- 了解这些权衡对于操纵微生物生物控制剂至关重要.
- 真菌寄生虫的毒性演变,特别是在Acanthomyces muscarius中,仍然是不太了解的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究真菌虫病原体Akanthomyces muscarius的毒性权衡.
- 探索多层次选择 (宿主内部和宿主之间) 如何影响寄生虫进化.
- 识别与改变的毒性和生命史特征相关的基因组和表型变化.
主要方法:
- 一种基因多样化的Acanthomyces muscarius种群经过7轮感染,并根据杀死速度,寄生虫产量或传染性进行选择.
- 在不同的空间尺度上操纵选择:宿主内部,宿主之间和宿主群体之间.
- 通过全基因组测序,毒性测试,生长率测量,胞分析和健康评估来表征进化血统.
主要成果:
- 几种血统的毒性增加,但没有观察到通常预期的权衡.
- 强烈的融合进化被表现为共享的单核酸变体在相似的表型系.
- 最显著的表型变化涉及子的时间和生产,早期的子与竞争力降低,但产量增加有关.
- 具有较高的人口竞争和较低遗传多样性的选择制度促进了早期分泌,与社会进化理论保持一致.
结论:
- 多级别的选择可以揭示新的社会相互作用和真菌寄生虫的基因组灵活性.
- Akanthomyces muscarius表现出经常发生冲突的特征进化的能力,如毒性和子生产.
- 这些发现对使用真菌病原体作为生物控制剂有意义,强调了它们的适应性.
更多相关视频
10:10Mass Production of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Metarhizium robertsii and Metarhizium pinghaense, for Commercial Application Against Insect Pests
Published on: March 31, 2022
7.0K
09:42Isolation and Selection of Entomopathogenic Fungi from Soil Samples and Evaluation of Fungal Virulence against Insect Pests
Published on: September 28, 2021
9.3K
相关概念视频
Microbial Interactions: Cooperation
Microbial cooperation involves beneficial interactions in which different species work together for individual or mutual advantage. These interactions can profoundly influence ecological dynamics and evolutionary processes, and they are essential to many pathogenic and symbiotic relationships.Nematode–Bacteria CooperationA striking example is the relationship between the Gram-negative bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila and the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Juvenile nematodes...
Bioreactor Controls-III
Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
Biological Methods for Microbial Control
Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
