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季节对河流生物降解率的影响

Run Tian¹, Malte Posselt¹, Luc T Miaz¹

¹Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden.

Environmental science & technology

|March 25, 2024

概括

环境化学生物降解显示出显著的季节性变化,影响了持久性评估. 这项研究揭示了大多数测试化学品的河流生物降解的季节性,挑战了温度校正模型,并突出了功能组的影响.

科学领域:

环境化学环境化学
环境微生物学环境微生物学
生态毒理学生态毒理学

背景情况:

生物降解对于确定化学命运和水生环境中的持久性至关重要.
生物降解率的时间变化,特别是季节性,在环境风险评估中带来了不确定性.
对于许多化学品,缺乏对河流生物降解季节性的系统研究.

研究的目的:

调查瑞典河流中96种不同化学化合物的初级生物降解率的季节性变化.
确定影响季节性生物降解模式的因素,包括水化学和微生物种群.
评估Arrhenius型模型对于温度校正生物降解速率常数的适用性.

主要方法:

在四个河流地点 (废水处理厂的上游和下游) 进行了四个季节的实地研究.
对96种化合物的第一阶生物降解速率常数的测量.
分析环境参数,包括pH值和总细菌细胞数量.
统计分析 (ANOVA) 来评估季节性和地点之间的差异的重要性.

主要成果:

对大多数研究的96种化合物 (p < 0.05) 观察到主要生物降解率的显著季节性.
pH值和细菌数量的变化不能完全解释观察到的季节性生物降解模式.
大多数化合物表现出与经典的阿雷尼乌斯型温度依赖性行为的偏差.
具有相似功能组的化合物表现出可比的生物降解季节性和速度.
废水处理厂 (WWTP) 下游发现生物降解季节性减少.

结论:

河流生物降解具有显著的季节性,使环境持久性和风险评估复杂化.
由于观察到的偏差,标准的阿雷尼乌斯型模型不足以纠正不同温度的生物降解率.
化学结构,特别是功能组,影响生物降解的季节性,这表明预测分组的潜力.
污水处理厂的废水可能会减少下游生物降解的季节性变化.

关键词:

生物降解生物降解微型污染物微型污染物季节性的季节性.总细胞计数总细胞计数上游和下游的上游和下游.

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