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在过去的半个世纪里,尼罗河三角洲发生了人类引起的环境和生态变化
Khalaf H M Abdel-Raheem1, Mahmoud M Khalil2, Ahmed A Abdelhady2
1State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt.
The Science of the total environment
|March 25, 2024
概括
曼扎拉湖的重金属污染因人类活动而增加,影响生物多样性. 农业实践和废水排放是关键驱动因素,迫切需要保护和可持续发展努力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 评估水质水质的评估.
背景情况:
- 尼罗河三角洲的湿地生态系统,特别是曼扎拉湖,在过去50年中因人类活动而面临退化.
- 基本的生态系统服务受到威胁,需要对污染及其生态影响进行系统调查.
- 了解污染驱动因素对于可持续发展和有效的环境管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地调查曼扎拉湖的金属污染水平和生态后果.
- 在时间和空间尺度上确定污染的主要驱动因素.
- 评估污染对生物多样性和社会经济因素的影响.
主要方法:
- 1968年至2020年曼扎拉湖金属污染数据的系统文献综述.
- 编制农业数据 (土地使用,农药/肥料使用,排放) 和经济数据.
- 线性回归分析以确定污染源及其与社会经济发展的相关性.
主要成果:
- 观察到重金属度 (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Hg) 的显著上升趋势.
- 污水排放,水的再利用和农业投入 (杀虫剂,肥料) 被确定为主要的污染源.
- 记录了鱼类和软体动物生物多样性的显著下降,与污染水平相关.
结论:
- 重金属污染导致鱼类和软体动物生物多样性的显著下降.
- 重金属污染与该地区的社会经济发展之间存在相关性.
- 需要紧急关注曼扎拉湖的保护,管理和可持续发展.
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