您可以从人们在问卷中的反应模式中判断人们的认知能力水平吗?
Stefan Schneider1,2,3, Raymond Hernandez4, Doerte U Junghaenel4,5,6
1Dornsife Center for Self-Report Science, and Center for Economic & Social Research, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-3332, USA. schneids@usc.edu.
Behavior research methods
|March 26, 2024
概括
研究人员探索了问卷答复模式是否可以表明一般认知能力. 研究结果表明,分析答案错误,特别是在复杂的问题上,可以提供对成年人的认知功能的可靠间接测量.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 调查方法 调查方法
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 在调查研究中,问卷无处不在.
- 认知能力影响了认知任务的表现.
- 两个现象将认知能力与任务性能联系起来:最差的性能规则和任务复杂性假设.
研究的目的:
- 调查问卷答复模式是否可以作为一般认知能力的间接指标.
- 确定最差表现规则和任务复杂性假设是否适用于问卷答复.
主要方法:
- 概念化问卷单项作为认知要求高的任务.
- 使用分级响应模型计算每个项目的"响应错误"得分.
- 分析了来自50岁以上成年人大规模,全国代表性样本的21个问卷中的102项数据.
主要成果:
- 发现认知能力和最大的响应错误得分之间存在显著的关联,支持最差的性能规则.
- 对更复杂的问题观察到认知能力和响应错误之间的更强的联系,支持任务复杂性假设.
- 复杂项目的响应错误的潜在变量与潜在的认知能力因子相关 .50 .
结论:
- 问卷中的响应模式,特别是复杂项目的最大响应错误,可以提供一般认知能力的粗略指标.
- 这些发现表明,在调查研究中评估认知功能的新方法.
- 结果强大,在独立样本和多个评估波中复制.
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