在商业昆虫生产中实施选择性育种的遗传参数估计
Laura Skrubbeltrang Hansen1, Stine Frey Laursen2, Simon Bahrndorff2
1Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, C F Møllers Allé 3, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark. lsh@qgg.au.dk.
Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE
|March 26, 2024
概括
选择性繁殖家 (Musca domestica) 在幼虫大小和生存等特征上显示出基因改进的潜力. 了解遗传参数是提高昆虫养殖可持续性的关键.
科学领域:
- 昆虫养殖和可持续的食品生产.
- 定量遗传学和动物育种.
- 高通量表型化应用.
背景情况:
- 昆虫是一种可持续的食物/料来源,利用废物.
- 商业昆虫生产依赖于优化条件和选择性繁殖.
- 基因参数知识对于有针对性的选择性育种至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计家 (Musca domestica) 关键特征的遗传参数 (变异成分,遗传能力).
- 确定幼虫大小,生存和发育时间之间的遗传相关性.
- 评估家种群的基因改进潜力,以实现可持续农业.
主要方法:
- 在基因分析中采用了全兄弟半兄弟的交配设计.
- 利用高通量表型化来有效收集数据.
- 估计的遗传性和遗传相关性对于幼虫大小,存活率 (7天和卵到成年) 和发育时间.
主要成果:
- 在所有研究的特征中观察到低到中等的遗传性.
- 在大多数特征之间发现了积极的遗传相关性,除了特定的发育/生存组合.
- 幼虫大小显示遗传性低 (0.10) 比发育时间 (0.25);环境因素显著影响了变化.
结论:
- 对于家的特征来说,基因改进是可行的,有部分共享的基因架构.
- 高通量表型化对于快速发育的昆虫的遗传参数估计至关重要.
- 环境的影响很大,突出了昆虫繁殖计划中需要谨慎的实验设计的需要.
相关概念视频
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
01:18Production of Biopesticides
Biopesticides offer a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, utilizing microbial agents to control agricultural pests. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely employed bacterium known for its potent insecticidal activity. Bt biopesticides are favored for their specificity to insect pests, minimal environmental impact, and natural degradability.Mechanism of Bt Toxin Action Bt produces insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins during its sporulation phase. These proteins form parasporal...