劳动力市场上的慢性病患 - - 他们是按教育层次排序的吗?
M Kamrul Islam1, Egil Kjerstad2, Håvard Thorsen Rydland1
1NORCE Health and Society, Nygårdsgaten 112, Bergen, 5008, Norway.
International journal for equity in health
|March 26, 2024
概括
高等教育可以保护慢性病患者免受随着时间的推移而失去工作. 然而,那些受教育程度较低的人面临着工作前景的下降,这凸显了劳动力市场参与度的日益差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
背景情况:
- 慢性病患者的就业率低于一般人群.
- 慢性疾病的患病率在受教育程度较低的人群中更高.
- 在不同国家和随着时间的推移,就业不平等仍然存在.
研究的目的:
- 量化不同教育程度的慢性病患者之间的就业概率差异.
- 分析这些就业率在11年内如何演变.
- 调查教育对慢性病患者劳动力市场参与的"屏蔽效应".
主要方法:
- 使用了2008-2018年挪威的行政数据.
- 采用了具有劳动力市场和时间固定效应的多变量回归.
- 包括慢性疾病,教育水平和年龄之间的相互作用效应,以评估随时间推移的"屏蔽效应".
主要成果:
- 高学历的人的就业概率最高,低学历的慢性病患者的就业概率最低.
- 长期患有较低教育程度的慢性病患者经历了随着时间的推移就业概率的显著降低.
- 高度受过教育的慢性病患者保持了稳定的劳动力市场参与率,这表明教育具有保护作用.
结论:
- 高等教育作为"盾牌"对抗慢性病患者的负面劳动力市场后果.
- 这种屏蔽效应的规模随着时间的推移而增加,使受教育程度较低的人处于不利地位.
- 教育的保护作用因慢性疾病类型而异;一些疾病显示教育层次的分类,而另一些则没有.
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