助听器使用和听力损失患者的认知功能的互动效应
Takayuki Okano1,2, Yosuke Yamamoto3, Akira Kuzuya4
1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
概括
持续使用助听器 (HA) 可以减缓听力损失和认知障碍的老年人的认知衰退. 建议对HA进行早期干预,以获得更好的结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 越来越多的研究将听力损失与认知能力下降联系在一起.
- 助听器 (HA) 被探索为认知障碍的可修改风险因素.
- 解决了两个关键问题:HA使用和认知衰退,以及预测HA使用的认知功能.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定持续使用助听器是否会减缓与年龄相关的认知衰退.
- 调查认知功能是否预测了听力助听器使用的坚持.
主要方法:
- 在两个转诊中心进行了长达4.5年的病例控制研究.
- 65岁以上的参与者认知能力下降,有或没有听力损失.
- 评估认知功能 (MMSE,阅读认知测试京都) 和HA坚持.
主要成果:
- 助听器的使用与12个月后认知衰退的减缓有关.
- 较低的认知功能 (阅读认知测试京都) 预测了HA坚持不良.
- 缺乏HA坚持度的参与者在预装前的认知得分较低.
结论:
- 助听器的使用可以减缓受损个体与年龄相关的认知衰退.
- 诊断时的认知功能会影响助听器长期坚持使用.
- 用助听器进行早期干预对于管理听力损失和认知衰退至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
96
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
96
01:27Language and Cognition
343
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
343
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
122
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
122
01:16Interference and Decay
137
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
137