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婴儿可以保留统计细分的单词和映射跨延迟?
Ferhat Karaman1,2, Jill Lany3, Jessica F Hay4
1Department of Psychology, Uşak University.
Cognitive science
|March 26, 2024
概括
23个月大的婴儿使用语音统计学来学习单词,但只有在延迟之后. 对过渡概率 (TP) 的敏感性会影响单词引用映射的记忆,影响早期语言发展.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 婴儿对口语中的统计性质具有敏感性,这对于细分单词和将它们与参考词联系起来至关重要.
- 这种统计敏感度对随着时间的推移形成和保留词引用映射的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查参考训练的时间,相对于熟悉语音统计 (过渡概率或TP),如何影响23个月大的婴儿的词参考映射.
- 为了确定婴儿是否可以保留和利用TP信息在词语学习的延迟.
主要方法:
- 实验1:评估23个月大的孩子在10分钟的延迟中保留TP信息的能力,并将其应用于单词学习.
- 实验2:用不熟悉的单词测试了即时的单词引用映射.
- 实验3:检查了高TP和低TP词引用映射的即时训练和随后的保留.
主要成果:
- 婴儿在10分钟的延迟后成功地映射了高TP单词,但没有低TP单词 (实验1).
- 很容易地实现了对不熟悉单词的即时映射 (实验2).
- 高TP和低TP的词引用映射在立即训练后很容易被保留 (实验3).
结论:
- 虽然23个月的孩子不需要强大的统计数据来立即绘制单词或延迟保留,但他们对这些统计数据很敏感.
- 对语音统计的敏感性会在延迟后影响单词引用映射,这可能会阻碍在整合后映射不那么连贯的单词形式.
- 这表明,统计学敏感性在早期语言发展中发挥着作用,因为它影响了词汇学习的巩固.
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