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神经认知因素预测了从青春期到年轻成人时期的BMI变化
Sussanne Reyes1, Patricio Peirano1, Sheila Gahagan2
1Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
|March 26, 2024
概括
青少年的抑制控制性能预测了未来的体重增加,特别是在那些超重或肥胖的人中. 年轻人对认知任务的表现较差,与晚年体质指数 (BMI) 增加有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童和青少年肥胖是重大的公共卫生问题,具有长期健康影响.
- 了解体重增加的预测因素对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
- 抑制性控制,一个关键的执行功能,可能在调节饮食行为和体重管理方面发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查青春期抑制性任务表现与年轻成人体重增加之间的潜在关系.
- 为了检查这种关联是否根据青春期的体重指数 (BMI) 分类而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 318名青少年完成了在不同激励条件下评估准确性和反应时间的反冲动任务.
- 530名青少年完成了Stroop测试,评估对照试验和不一致试验的准确性和反应时间.
- 从青春期到年轻成年期的BMI z-score (∆BMI z-score) 变化对所有参与者进行了计算.
主要成果:
- 在青少年中,反顺序任务的准确性与∆BMI z-score (β = -0.002,p < 0.05) 有前性相关.
- 抑制性表现 (中性和损失精度) 与超重和肥胖青少年的∆BMI z-score有关.
- 青少年的BMI z-score与Stroop测试反应时间相互作用,预测了∆BMI z-score,特别是在超重组.
结论:
- 研究结果支持这样一个假设:认知脆弱性,特别是与抑制控制相关的认知脆弱性,可以预测从青春期到年轻成人时期的BMI增长.
- 这表明,执行功能缺陷可能是发展肥胖症的危险因素.
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