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相关概念视频

Cell Culture01:21

Cell Culture

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Most vertebrate cells grow in vitro attached to a substrate as a monolayer, called adherent cultures. The flasks and plates used to grow cells are chemically treated to facilitate cell attachment. However, a few cell types, such as hematopoietic cells, can grow in a suspension. In contrast to adherent cultures, suspension cultures can grow in non-treated cultureware using magnetic stirrers or spinner flasks to agitate the culture media
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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构建合成细胞――从技术基础设施到细胞实体

Lynn J Rothschild1,2, Nils J H Averesch3, Elizabeth A Strychalski4

  • 1Space Science & Astrobiology Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, United States.

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科学家们正在探索从分子部分开始新建活细胞的方法. 这项研究旨在了解生命.

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科学领域:

  • 合成生物学 合成生物学
  • 生命起源的研究研究生命的起源.
  • 细胞工程 细胞工程

背景情况:

  • 从零开始创造一个生物仍然是一个重大的科学挑战.
  • 现有的技术允许进行细胞修饰,但不能完成新的构建.
  • 追求这一目标推动了各种科学领域的进步.

研究的目的:

  • 审查目前在构建人工细胞方面的努力.
  • 区分新细胞构建的各种方法.
  • 确定关键挑战,并为未来的研究提出路线图.

主要方法:

  • 对现有的关于人工细胞合成的科学文献进行审查.
  • 对创建类似生命的系统的不同方法的分析.
  • 在当前的de novo细胞构造研究中识别瓶.

主要成果:

  • 在合成个体生命特征 (例如,分离,新陈代谢,复制) 方面取得了显著进展.
  • 人工系统中已经实现了有限的生命标准组合.
  • 已经确定了阻碍全新的细胞构建的关键瓶.

结论:

  • 从分子部分构建一个功能细胞是一个持续的挑战.
  • 提出了一个结构化的路线图与关键的里程碑,以指导未来的研究.
  • 持续的研究有望对细胞生物学,生物技术和天体生物学有深刻的见解.