斯波因克是一种LTR逆转移子,在20世纪90年代入侵了D. melanogaster种群
Riccardo Pianezza1,2, Almorò Scarpa1,2, Prakash Narayanan3
1Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
PLoS genetics
|March 26, 2024
概括
一种新的可转移元素,Spoink,已经在全球范围内入侵Drosophila melanogaster种群. 这种LTR逆转基因可能通过水平转移传播,并被piRNA路径抑制.
科学领域:
- 基因组学和分子生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 德洛索菲拉黑虫研究 研究 科研
背景情况:
- 多年来,Drosophila melanogaster种群经历了可转移元素 (TEs) 的入侵.
- 在1950年至1980年间发生的P元素入侵被认为是最近的.
- 试验经验可以显著影响基因组进化和生物体的健康状况.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述Drosophila melanogaster中的新型可移植元素.
- 为了确定入侵时间表和新发现的TE的起源.
- 调查抑制自然种群中新型TE的监管机制.
主要方法:
- 对不同时期采集的Drosophila melanogaster菌株的分析.
- 一种新型LTR逆转移体的生物信息识别和特征.
- 研究TE插入部位和潜在的沉默机制,包括piRNA通路.
主要成果:
- 发现了一种名为Spoink的新型LTR逆转移子,属于Ty3/gypsy超级家族.
- 斯波因克在1983年至1993年间入侵了Drosophila melanogaster的全球种群,在P元素之后.
- 证据表明,从Drosophila willistoni群体的水平转移是可能的起源.
- 大约三分之一的检查菌株显示Spoink插入到piRNA集群 (例如42AB),表明piRNA路径沉默.
结论:
- 斯波因克代表了Drosophila melanogaster.中最近,全球分布的可转移元素.
- 它的入侵动态和起源反映了P元素的情况,突出显示了反复出现的进化模式.
- 该piRNA途径有效地使自然种群中的Spoink沉默,防止广泛的破坏.
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