电离辐射如何影响植物中的粉体生成?
Maryna Kryvokhyzha1,2, Sergii Litvinov1, Maksym Danchenko2
1Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
International journal of radiation biology
|March 26, 2024
概括
在豆种子中暴露于电离辐射会触发子类蛋白质的积累,影响植物生长并加速衰老. 这项研究揭示了植物应激反应和蛋白质重塑的新见解.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 蛋白质组学是指蛋白质组学.
- 辐射生物学 辐射生物学
背景情况:
- 电离辐射是一个重要的环境压力因素,可以诱导植物衰老.
- 植物衰老涉及蛋白质组重塑,假设类蛋白质积累起作用.
- 豆 (Pisum sativum L.) 是一个农业上重要的豆类,但其粉原蛋白的功能意义仍然未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究X射线辐射对豆种子发芽,幼苗发育和衰老的影响.
- 为了检查蛋白质二次结构的辐射诱导的变化和粉样蛋白聚合物的存在.
- 在豆苗中识别和功能性地表征对辐射有反应的蛋白质,特别是假设的类蛋白质.
主要方法:
- 豆种子被暴露在X射线 (5-50 Gy) 上.
- 里埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 分析了蛋白质的二次结构 (胺基I/II比率).
- 刚果红色染色检测到粉样蛋白聚合物;超高性能液体染色学与合质谱学 (UHPLC-MS) 结合,对抗洗剂的蛋白质组进行了分析. 使用MapMan和PLAAC工具进行功能性和类蛋白质分析.
主要成果:
- 以50 Gy的辐射减少了发芽,但增加了植物的高度,加速了生殖器官的发育.
- 在被辐射的幼苗的根部中观察到β-sheet和粉样蛋白聚合物的增加.
- 蛋白质组分析确定了耐洗剂部分中的531种蛋白质,其中包括45种假设的类蛋白质. 29种蛋白质是差异丰富的,涉及新陈代谢,细胞骨,调节,生物合成和RNA处理.
结论:
- 蛋白质的积累,特别是类蛋白质,刺激了生长,加速了本体发生和衰老,主要是通过翻译和RNA处理.
- 增加的初级代谢蛋白质表明,在对X射线暴露的反应中,代谢活动升高.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证已识别的氨基原蛋白的功能作用.
相关概念视频
02:59Biological Effects of Radiation
15.4K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.4K
03:03Amyloid Fibrils
9.5K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
9.5K
02:50Transgenic Plants
7.2K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.2K