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相关概念视频

Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.0K
Chemiosmosis01:32

Chemiosmosis

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Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons...
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The Bohr Model02:18

The Bohr Model

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Following the work of Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues in the early twentieth century, the picture of atoms consisting of tiny dense nuclei surrounded by lighter and even tinier electrons continually moving about the nucleus was well established. This picture was called the planetary model since it pictured the atom as a miniature “solar system” with the electrons orbiting the nucleus like planets orbiting the sun. The simplest atom is hydrogen, consisting of a single proton as...
53.3K
Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States03:25

Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States

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The free energy change for a process taking place with reactants and products present under nonstandard conditions (pressures other than 1 bar; concentrations other than 1 M) is related to the standard free energy change according to this equation:
 
where R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K·mol), T is the absolute temperature in kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient. This equation may be used to predict the spontaneity of a process under any given set of conditions.
Reaction Quotient...
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相关实验视频

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Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
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规范局部原子环境周围的空缺,以实现高效的气进化.

Wenqi Zhan1, Xingwu Zhai1, Yuhuan Li2

  • 1Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

ACS nano
|March 27, 2024
PubMed
概括

在二硫化物 (MoS2) 空缺中操纵局部原子环境可以增强演化反应 (HER) 电催化. 富含的空缺位置通过优化吸附和每站点活动来提高HER的性能.

关键词:
原子环境 原子环境暴露于中的.气演化反应反应的反应二硫化物是一种二硫化物.职位空缺 职位空缺 职位空缺

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 催化剂是一种催化剂.
  • 纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 缺陷工程对于设计先进的电催化剂至关重要.
  • 关注的焦点一直是空缺职位,但当地原子环境的作用未得到充分研究.
  • 了解空缺结构与活动关系是催化剂优化的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 研究二硫化物 (MoS2) 中空缺的局部原子环境对催化活性的影响.
  • 开发一种简单的方法来操纵MoS2.2中的空缺结构.
  • 为了将特定的空置结构与演化反应 (HER) 性能相关联.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一种合成方法来控制Mo-to-S比率,从而在MoS2.2中控制空缺职位的局部原子环境.
  • 合成的MoS2样本具有不同的空位类型 (Mo终端,S终端和无缺陷).
  • 评估了合成的MoS2在演化反应 (HER) 的电催化性能.

主要成果:

  • 与Mo-terminated和无缺陷的MoS2.2相比,具有Mo-terminated空缺的MoS2显示出更高的HER性能.
  • 增强的性能归因于可调节的轨道方向和围绕空缺位置的分布.
  • 优化的局部原子环境促进了有利的吸附,增加了每站点的内在活动.

结论:

  • 职位空缺的局部原子环境显著影响MoS2.2中的电催化活性.
  • 对于 HER 催化,Mo 终止的空缺位置比 S 终止的空缺位置更有效.
  • 这项工作为过渡金属二甲基化物 (TMD) 和其他催化剂的合理缺陷工程提供了洞察力.