幸福的稳定性和变化在整个生命周期:一个纵向双胞胎兄弟姐妹研究
Lianne P de Vries1,2,3, Dirk H M Pelt1,2, Meike Bartels1,2
1Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Psychological medicine
|March 27, 2024
概括
幸福的稳定性和变化在整个生命周期都受到遗传学和环境的影响. 虽然遗传影响大多是稳定的,但环境因素随着时间的推移不断塑造个人福祉的差异.
科学领域:
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 生命周期 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 幸福感通常在一生中保持稳定,但在稳定性和变化方面存在个体差异.
- 遗传和环境因素可能解释了随着时间的推移,幸福感的变化,稳定性和变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响人类寿命的健康稳定性和变化的遗传和环境因素.
- 分析从童年到老年健康的纵向数据.
主要方法:
- 利用来自荷兰双胞胎登记 (NTR) 的双胞胎和兄弟姐妹 (N=46,885) 的队列顺序数据.
- 采用纵向遗传简单模型来评估表型稳定性以及遗传和环境对幸福的影响的连续性/变化.
- 分析了多个年龄组的福祉数据,从童年 (5岁) 到老年 (61岁以上).
主要成果:
- 幸福感在童年达到顶峰,在青春期下降,在成年期稳定.
- 遗传影响解释了大约40%的童年和青春期幸福差异,在老年时降至24%.
- 独特的环境影响随着年龄的增长而增加,在老年成人时达到76%,在所有年龄段都有环境创新. 基因创新是青春期 (10-18岁) 特定的.
结论:
- 对幸福感的遗传影响在整个生命周期中基本上是稳定的,在青春期有一个显著的例外.
- 环境因素始终有助于改变个人一生的幸福差异.
- 这些发现揭示了基因和环境因素的动态相互作用,这些因素塑造了从童年到老年健康的轨迹.
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