缓解健康和科学错误信息:2017年至2022年的文献综述
Kathryn Heley1, Wen-Ying Sylvia Chou1, Heather D'Angelo1
1Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute.
Health communication
|March 27, 2024
概括
本综述综合了健康和科学错误信息干预措施,发现纠正和教育是有效的,但通常仅限于短期在线研究. 未来的研究应该专注于弱势群体和长期影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 沟通研究 沟通研究
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 错误信息,特别是在健康和科学方面,是一个日益严重的全球性挑战.
- 自2017年以来,对有效缓解策略的研究迅速扩大.
- 主要话题包括COVID-19,疫苗和气候变化错误信息.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关健康和科学错误信息缓解干预措施的出版文献.
- 确定错误信息研究中的共同主题,方法和结果.
- 突出差距,并建议未来的研究方向.
主要方法:
- 从2017年1月到2022年7月发表的英语文章的范围审查.
- 在选后包括了115篇出版物,代表了148项经验研究.
- 研究对样本特征,主题,缓解策略,研究方法,结果和疗效的编码.
主要成果:
- 在2020-2022年期间,研究的显著增加发生了.
- 纠正是最常见的策略 (97项研究),其次是教育 (39) 和预封 (24).
- 干预疗效是混合的 (76个积极的,17个无效的,68个混合的结果),大多数研究都集中在在线短期实验中的认知结果上.
结论:
- 目前的错误信息缓解干预主要是短期的,在线的,以认知为重点的.
- 需要扩大研究样本,多样化人群 (特别是弱势群体),并进行纵向研究.
- 扩大干预规模和专注于易受影响的社区对于未来的努力至关重要.
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