检查空间处理中的性别差异认知和情感方面的相互作用
Cynthia M Fioriti1, Raeanne N Martell1, Richard J Daker1
1Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|March 27, 2024
概括
空间焦虑和空间技能是相互关联的,影响空间能力的性别差异. 干预措施应考虑认知和情感因素,以有效地发展空间处理.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人类行为人类行为.
背景情况:
- 在空间能力方面存在性别差异,女性的表现通常低于男性,特别是在心理旋转任务中.
- 与男性相比,女性也报告了更高水平的空间焦虑.
- 在空间处理中的认知 (空间能力) 和情感 (空间焦虑) 因素之间的相互作用及其与性别差异的关系仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究性别,空间能力和空间焦虑之间的双向调解效应.
- 量化空间焦虑在空间能力中介于性别差异的程度,反之亦然.
- 探索跨性别空间处理的认知和情感组成部分之间的复杂关系.
主要方法:
- 分析了6个独立的数据集,包括1257名参与者 (830名女性).
- 对空间能力和空间焦虑的性别差异进行统计测试.
- 检查双向调解模型以评估间接影响.
主要成果:
- 空间焦虑显著调解了空间能力的性别差异,平均占差异的22.4%.
- 空间能力也调解了空间焦虑中的性别差异,解释了大约25.9%的差异.
- 在关于性别的空间处理中,认知因素和情感因素之间发现了一种复杂的双向关系.
结论:
- 空间能力和空间焦虑都与空间处理中的性别差异密切相关.
- 针对空间技能性别差异的干预措施应解决认知和情感组件.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究,以阐明在空间处理中的认知和情感因素之间的联系背后的精确机制.
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