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当它不穿在脸上:特征焦虑和注意中性面孔语义上与威胁相关
Kim M Curby1, Jessica A Collins2
1School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Vision (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 27, 2024
概括
根据特征焦虑,与中性面部学会的负面关联会以不同的方式影响注意力. 直接感知到的情感面孔也显示了与焦虑相关的注意力差异,但与学习的关联不同.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 许多人类的知识源于语义信息,而不是直接观察.
- 情绪刺激吸引注意力,但学习与感知情绪如何影响注意力分配是有争议的.
- 特征焦虑影响了对情绪刺激的注意偏差.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否与中性刺激学会的情感关联会影响注意力,类似于感知情感刺激.
- 检查特征焦虑在对学习和感知情绪刺激的注意分配中的适度作用.
- 要区分间接获得与直接感知情感对注意力的影响.
主要方法:
- 实验1:参与者将中性面孔与负面或中性特征联系起来,然后在注意力脱节任务中将它们用作空间线索.
- 实验2:在类似的注意力脱节范式中使用感知表达 (愤怒) 面孔.
- 根据学习/感知情感和特征焦虑水平来衡量性能差异.
主要成果:
- 高特征焦虑症个体避免了面孔与学会的负面关联;低特征焦虑症个体显示一般减速.
- 高特征焦虑症患者很难从感知上威胁 (愤怒) 的面孔中脱离.
- 低特征焦虑症个体的表现不受感知情感面孔的价值影响.
结论:
- 获得的语义情感性影响人们对面部的注意力,由特征焦虑调节.
- 情感对注意力的影响不同,取决于它是学习的还是直接感知到的.
- 这些发现有助于解释注意力偏差研究的变化以及情绪处理影响的时间.
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