作为职业疾病的静脉疾病 - - 一个系统的流行病学,病理生理学和修改策略的综述
Tobias Hirsch1, Uwe Wahl2, Eberhard Rabe3
1Practice for Internal Medicine and Vascular Diseases, Vein Competency Centre, Halle (Saale), Germany.
VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten
|March 27, 2024
概括
在工作中长时间站立或经常举重物会增加患慢性静脉疾病 (CVD) 的风险. 虽然压缩疗法有助于预防,但工作场所缺乏主要措施来减轻这些职业风险.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 血管医学是一种血管医学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 强迫姿势,主要是长时间坐着或站着,在现代工作场所普遍存在,特别是在二级和三级经济部门.
- 三级行业的扩张导致了劳动力主要从事静止或静止的站立职业.
- 慢性静脉疾病 (CVD) 是与职业需求相关的日益关注的问题.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查与慢性静脉疾病 (CVD) 相关的职业因素.
- 将这些因素置于工作场所进化的背景中.
- 评估现有的职业心血管疾病预防措施.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统的文献审查,搜索了PubMed,BG医院Bergmannstrost Halle图书馆和德国法定意外保险注册表.
- 为了自动和手动过 27,522 个已识别的出版物,遵循 PRISMA 的指导方针.
- 最终分析包括了25项专注于二级和三级部门职业的研究.
主要成果:
- 每天站立超过四个小时,重复举重,和累积的坐着/站着是心血管疾病的风险因素.
- 与站立或走路相比,坐着的风险较低.
- 职业史和活动资料对于诊断和治疗的合理性至关重要.
结论:
- 工作场所站立,举重,长时间静止的姿势是心血管疾病的重要职业风险因素.
- 压缩疗法是一个关键的二级/三级预防措施.
- 值得注意的是,主要的预防策略缺乏,主要集中在工作场所设计上,以减轻心血管疾病风险.
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