选择性沉默症的症状超出了儿童和青少年无法说话的症状
Felix Vogel1,2, Carolin Röse3,4, Christina Schwenck4
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. felix.e.vogel@gmail.com.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|March 27, 2024
概括
选择性沉默 (SM) 涉及的症状不仅仅是无法说话,与恐惧,结,和避免行为是常见的儿童. 了解这些额外的症状对于准确诊断和治疗MS至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 心理疾病的准确诊断取决于对症状的理解.
- 选择性沉默症 (SM) 通常仅以无法说话为特征,尽管有可能出现其他症状.
- 以前对MS症状的研究一直受到预先定义的症状列表的限制,或者只关注焦虑.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和分类选择性沉默症 (SM) 的儿童和青少年经历的症状,超出说话失败的核心症状.
- 调查这些额外症状的患病率和频率.
- 探索报告的症状和SM症状严重程度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 这项研究涉及86名儿童和青少年 (3-18岁) 的父母,他们被诊断患有MS.
- 给父母提供了症状定义,并询问了关于观察到的症状的开放式问题.
- 用定性内容分析 (QCA) 来分类报告的症状,随后进行频率和严重程度分析.
主要成果:
- 在患有MS的儿童中,确定了十个不同的症状类别.
- 恐惧,结和回避/安全行为是最常见的症状.
- 父母报告说,每个孩子平均有4.74个额外的症状;只有恐惧与MS症状严重程度相关.
结论:
- 选择性沉默症 (SM) 呈现出比以前更广泛的症状,包括恐惧,结和回避行为.
- 对于有效的临床实践,全面了解MS作为一个多方面的疾病至关重要.
- 未来的研究和诊断标准应该考虑这些额外的症状,以改善MS的评估和治疗.
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