从细胞遗传学和遗传学分析推断的Elymus atratus (Poaceae:Triticeae) 的基因组构成和演变
Lu Tan1,2, Dan-Dan Wu3,4, Chang-Bing Zhang5
1Panxi Crops Research and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xichang University, Xichang, 615000, Sichuan, China. tanlu19910222@163.com.
Genes & genomics
|March 27, 2024
概括
艾利莫斯·阿特拉图斯 (Elymus atratus) 是一种六倍体小麦草,它有一个StYH基因组. 这种多年生长的物种很可能起源于一个allotetraploid Roegneria (StY) 和一个双胞胎Hordeum (H) 物种之间的杂交.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 小麦草的进化 麦草的进化
背景情况:
- 艾利姆斯·阿特拉图斯 (内夫斯基) 手-马兹. 是一种多年生六状小麦草.
- 形态学分析将其置于Elymus L. sensu stricto.属中.
- 其复杂的基因组构成仍未确定.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明Elymus atratus的基因组构成.
- 为了确定Elymus atratus的祖先起源.
主要方法:
- 基因组在位杂交 (GISH) 和光在位杂交 (FISH).
- 使用Acc1,DMC1和matK基因序列进行了家族遗传学分析.
- 叶绿体DNA分析用于确定母系血统.
主要成果:
- GISH和FISH发现E. atratus (2n=6x=42) 拥有St,H和Y基因组 (StStYYHH),包括H-Y转位.
- 遗传学分析表明Pseudoroegneria (St),Hordeum (H) 和一个双胞胎Y基因组物种是潜在的捐赠者.
- 叶绿体DNA证实了一位来自母亲的St基因组捐赠者.
结论:
- 伊利姆斯·阿特拉图斯 (Elymus atratus) 是一种带有 StYH 基因组的类动物.
- 它很可能是由一种全四倍体罗格尼利亚 (StY) 和一种双倍体霍尔德 (H) 之间的杂交产生的.
相关概念视频
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
Synteny and Evolution
3.3K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.3K
Lampbrush Chromosomes
7.9K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
7.9K
Polytene Chromosomes
10.0K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.0K
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness
6.6K
The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
6.6K


