生物指标对极端条件的反应:深入了解pH值和酸性金属环境下的生物可用金属
Ruofei Li1, Jun Yao1, Jianli Liu1
1School of Water Resource and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
Journal of environmental management
|March 27, 2024
概括
酸性矿井排水 (AMD) 构成重金属的生态风险. 这项研究确定了耐pH和pH敏感的生物指标物种,如Acidiferrobacter和Puia,以监测AMD污染并帮助生物修复工作.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 酸性矿井排水 (AMD) 释放重金属,造成严重的环境风险.
- 有效的AMD治疗需要强大的监测,但具有成本效益的方法是有限的.
- 生物指标,特别是通过16S rRNA评估的微生物群落,为污染评估提供了一个有希望的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 用生态风险指数评估AMD对生态健康的影响.
- 研究酸性金属压力对细菌和真菌多样性及其生态网络的影响.
- 确定可靠的生物指标物种,用于监测AMD引起的污染.
主要方法:
- 使用了生态风险指数 (RI) 和风险评估代码 (RAC).
- 在AMD压力下分析了微生物多样性 (细菌和真菌) 和网络.
- 生物指标物种使用线性差异分析效果大小 (LEfSe),部分最小平方回归 (PLS-R) 和斯皮尔曼分析来确定.
主要成果:
- (Cd),铜 (Cu), (Pb) 和 (As) 被确定为主要的生态风险,以下降的顺序.
- 在受AMD影响的地区,真菌多样性减少了44.88%,细菌多样性减少了33.61%.
- 微生物多样性与pH值正相关,与生物可用金属度负相关.
- 确定了Acidiferrobacter和Thermoplasmataceae作为可靠的pH耐受生物指标,而Puia和Chitinophagaceae则表明了控制条件.
- 泰拉托斯法利亚属植物 (Teratosphaeriaceae) 成为铜--污染的潜在生物指标.
结论:
- 特定的微生物物种可以作为AMD污染的可靠生物指标,区分酸性和金属应力.
- 已识别的生物指标为AMD环境中的生物监测提供了基础.
- 研究结果为重金属生物修复策略提供了关键的见解,包括欧米和有机物质的作用.
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