在COVID-19流行病的前三个月期间,酒精政策的变化:开发和应用分类方案
Sebastián Peña1, Claire Wilkinson2, Giovanni Aresi3
1Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.
The International journal on drug policy
|March 27, 2024
概括
COVID-19政策影响了酒精控制. 一个新的分类方案揭示了114个政策,主要是加强对酒精供应的控制,尽管一些变化可能会削弱法规.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,全球范围内影响酒精控制措施的政策发生了重大变化.
- 了解这些政策变化对于评估它们对公共健康和与酒精有关的危害的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个分类方案,在COVID-19流行病的初始阶段绘制酒精政策变化.
- 分析五个不同司法管辖区的酒精控制政策的性质和方向 (收紧或放松).
主要方法:
- 澳大利亚/新南威尔士,加拿大/安大略省,智利,意大利和英国2020年3月至5月的政策决策的系统审查.
- 制定适应的世界卫生组织 (WHO) 分类方案,以分类与酒精供应,定价和推广有关的政策变化.
- 114个酒精控制政策的数据提取和编码,基于它们对消费和危害的预期影响.
主要成果:
- 开发了一个新的四级分类方案,包括17个新的酒精可用性子类别.
- 大多数114个确定政策的重点是监管酒精出售点的运营和可用性.
- 虽然74%的政策加强了酒精管制,但12.3%的政策削弱了酒精管制,主要是通过允许外卖或送货服务.
结论:
- 在COVID-19早期,酒精控制政策主要针对可用性,少数人可能会削弱控制.
- 酒精零售的临时扩张,如送货服务,如果不仔细管理,可能会永久增加酒精的可用性.
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