接受脏移植的接受者的心脏病:一个三级护理中心的经验
Rungmei Marak1, Abdullah2, Manas Behera3
1Professor, Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Transplant immunology
|March 27, 2024
概括
心脏感染可能发生在移植后的晚期,即使是用科特里莫克萨预防. 这项研究强调了对移植接受者的警监测和潜在的替代预防策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 移植免疫学 移植免疫学
背景情况:
- 接受脏移植的人面临更高的机会性感染的风险,如诺卡迪亚.
- 在这个人群中,心脏病发病率在0.4-1.3%,流行病学和结局数据有限.
- 诺卡迪亚感染可以在典型的移植后期之外表现出来.
研究的目的:
- 调查移植接受者的诺卡迪亚感染的流行病学和结果.
- 评估在这个患者群体中对诺卡迪亚的科特里莫克萨预防的有效性.
- 确定移植后诺卡迪亚感染的危险因素和常见的临床表现.
主要方法:
- 在印度北部的第三级护理中心进行了为期10年的回顾性观察研究 (2012年1月至2021年12月).
- 包括所有被诊断患有诺卡迪亚感染的移植接受者.
- 随访患者以评估结果,包括死亡率和复发.
主要成果:
- 在1108名移植接受者中,12人 (1.1%) 患上诺卡迪亚感染,主要是活着的捐赠者接受者.
- 感染发生在移植后26个月的中位数,其中33.1%发生在第一年内.
- 在58.3%的科特里莫克萨预防中,发现了突破性感染,41.7%的患者有先前的排斥发作.
- 肺部是最常见的部位;分离物体对科特里莫克萨具有很高的耐药性,但仍然对阿米卡辛,伊米尼姆和林伊佐利德敏感.
- 在12个月的死亡率为66.7%,只有一个死亡直接归因于诺卡迪亚.
结论:
- 诺卡迪亚感染可能在移植患者的晚期出现,挑战传统的预防窗口.
- 科特里莫克萨预防可能不足以预防所有移植患者的诺卡迪亚感染.
- 与诺卡迪亚感染相关的高死亡率强调需要有效的治疗和预防策略.
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