[为肺结核病相关肺癌的工人提供补偿制度的历史]
, Yoshimasa Ishii1,2, Yoshiharu Aizawa1,3
1The Research Group for the History of Occupational Health, Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH).
Sangyo eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health
|March 27, 2024
概括
患有肺癌的肺病患者现在有资格在日本获得赔偿. 这一决定是根据历史审查和专家委员会对暴露,肺结核病和肺癌风险之间的联系的评估而做出的.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 肺结核病是吸入尘埃引起的肺部疾病,历史上一直是工人赔偿的焦点.
- 肺炎和肺癌发展之间的潜在联系一直是科学和行政辩论的主题.
- 在日本经济快速增长期间,与肺癌相关的法律赔偿索赔增加了,这些索赔涉及肺癌患者的工人.
研究的目的:
- 从历史上回顾了患有肺炎和随后的肺癌的工人赔偿制度的演变.
- 分析围绕肺炎和肺癌之间的因果关系的科学和政府审议.
主要方法:
- 审查有关补偿制度的历史材料和发表论文.
- 分析行政会议的讨论和专家委员会的报告.
- 考虑来自医生调查和国际机构重新评估的结果 (例如,关于二氧化的IARC).
主要成果:
- 最初的专家委员会 (例如,1978年) 没有确定肺炎和肺癌之间的因果关系.
- 随后的评估,包括国际癌症研究机构 (IARC) 将二氧化归类为I组致癌物,影响了讨论.
- 日本劳工部最终认识到风险增加,并扩大补偿范围,包括肺癌作为肺炎症 (III类及以上) 的并发症.
结论:
- 2002年专家委员会的结论和劳工部决定将肺癌列为肺病的并发症被认为是适当的.
- 更新的补偿制度承认增加的风险,并提供医疗检查和受影响个人的工人赔偿资格.
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