自闭症青少年的慢性疼痛:临床患病率和从跨学科治疗小组调整基于证据的干预措施的反思
Gloria T Han1, Holly S Heavner2, Thomas R Rains2
1Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2024
概括
自闭症青少年经常在儿科疼痛诊所看到,经常有感官挑战和难以表达疼痛. 这项研究强调了对自闭症患者慢性疼痛进行量身定制的评估和治疗的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 疼痛医学 医学 疼痛医学
- 儿科心理学 儿科心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 越来越多地被认为是慢性疼痛人群中的过度代表.
- 现有的慢性疼痛评估和治疗策略可能无法充分满足自闭症患者的独特需求.
- 影响自闭症青少年疼痛表现和管理的生物心理社会因素需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 探索影响自闭症青少年慢性疼痛表现,评估和治疗的生物心理社会因素.
- 确定针对自闭症患者的跨学科疼痛管理的潜在适应方法.
- 告知临床实践关于自闭症个体经历慢性疼痛的独特需求.
主要方法:
- 对95名跨学科疼痛诊所的儿科患者电子病历的回顾性审查.
- 对跨学科疼痛治疗团队讨论的分析.
- 对发育史,观察到的行为和专家判断进行临床评估,以确定可能的自闭症诊断.
主要成果:
- 儿科疼痛诊所约有30%的患者被确定为可能符合自闭症的标准.
- 自闭症青少年经常出现广泛的疼痛 (52%),感官处理挑战,并难以表达疼痛和情绪.
- 同时出现的挑战包括认知不灵活性和社会困难,显著比例的人认为自己是女性或性别扩张.
结论:
- 与自闭症相关的生物心理社会脆弱性对年轻人慢性疼痛的经历有显著的贡献.
- 对于患有慢性疼痛的自闭症青少年,建议专注于感觉运动集成的干预措施.
- 疼痛诊所可以在识别和支持自闭症个体,特别是女性,其自闭症可能以前没有被认可与他们的疼痛相关的关键作用.
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