捷克霍尔斯坦的基因组选择中的阴茎,爪子和生殖健康
Zuzana Krupová1, Eva Kašná1, Ludmila Zavadilová1
1Institute of Animal Science, 10400 Prague, Czech Republic.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|March 28, 2024
概括
这项研究开发了一种改进的牛选择指数,包括临床乳腺炎和生产特征等健康障碍的基因组和经济数据. 新指数有效减少了健康问题,改善了牛奶生产,对养殖者来说是有前途的.
科学领域:
- 动物育种和遗传学动物育种和遗传学
- 基因组选择 基因组选择
- 牲畜健康经济学 畜牧健康经济学
背景情况:
- 传统的养殖指数往往忽视了牲畜中新出现的健康障碍对经济的影响.
- 准确的基因组评估和经济权重对于有效的基因改进计划至关重要.
- 诸如临床乳腺炎,爪子疾病,保留的胎盘,甲状腺炎和囊性卵巢等健康障碍显著影响动物福利和农场利能力.
研究的目的:
- 构建一个增强的选择指数,将新型健康障碍的基因组和经济参数与现有的生产和功能特征相结合.
- 评估牛群关键健康疾病的遗传和经济影响.
- 评估一种新的选择指数在改善健康和生产特征方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 用线性动物模型对生产者记录的临床乳腺炎,爪病,保留的胎盘,甲状腺炎和囊性卵巢的数据进行基因组评估.
- 计算每种健康疾病的经济权重,以其对每头牛年利的影响为基础.
- 开发和应用一个包含这些新参数的增强选择指数.
主要成果:
- 在健康障碍中观察到显著的相关性,遗传率估计低于7%.
- 经济权重显示,临床乳腺炎 (欧元 -132.10) 和爪病 (欧元 -128.87) 的每例损失相当大.
- 使用增强指数进行的选择产生了积极的结果,降低了保留的胎盘和脑膜炎的发生率,提高了牛奶产量 (+49公斤),减少了小牛的损失 (-0.02%).
结论:
- 增强的选择指数有效地平衡了健康和生产特征的遗传收益.
- 将新的健康障碍纳入选择指数是可行的,对乳牛养殖有利.
- 对于新出现的健康疾病来说,7%的指数贡献被认为是可以接受的,并且对育种者来说是实际的.
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