热身策略和影响赛马和体育马在奥林匹克学科竞争中的表现
Thibault Frippiat1,2, Dominique-Marie Votion1
1Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|March 28, 2024
概括
积极的热身可以提高马的有氧能力和温度,这对预防伤害和表现至关重要. 然而,最佳策略因马术学科和竞争水平而异,需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 马体育医学 马体育医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 马术科学 马术科学
背景情况:
- 热身对于马的运动准备至关重要,旨在减少受伤风险并提高表现.
- 目前缺乏针对特定马术学科的综合性,基于证据的热身指南.
- 了解活动热身的生理效应和学科特定策略对于马匹运动员至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行马匹主动热身的生理影响的范围审查.
- 描述和分析用于不同马术学科的热身策略.
- 识别知识差距,并为未来的研究提供关于最佳马匹热身方案的信息.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库中进行了系统的搜索,确定了479篇相关论文.
- 应用了选择标准,结果包括了1996年至2024年1月间发表的23篇文章.
- 包括的研究根据它们讨论了生理效应 (12篇文章) 或学科特定策略 (11篇文章) 进行了分类.
主要成果:
- 发现活跃的热身可以提高马的有氧能力,增加马的血液和肌肉温度,类似于人类运动员的发现.
- 骑手认为,热身对于准备马匹工作和改善对辅助器的反应至关重要.
- 首选的热身步态因学科而异:健身运动的/,跳跃运动的步行. 热身时间和强度与竞争水平相关,但并没有持续改善最终分数.
结论:
- 积极的热身积极影响马匹的关键生理参数,支持其在运动准备中的作用.
- 当前的热身练习在各个马术学科之间有很大差异,修身骑手通常比跳跃骑手使用更长的热身练习.
- 需要进一步的客观研究,以建立基于证据的,学科特定的热身策略,以最大限度地提高马匹的表现并最大限度地降低马匹受伤的风险.
相关概念视频
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
1.4K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.4K
01:04Social Facilitation
32.0K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
32.0K
01:17Exercise and Cardiac Output
1.0K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
1.0K
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
802
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
802
01:29Decreased Body Temperature
615
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
615