南非布尔布尔犬品种的基因多样性
Ripfumelo Success Mabunda1,2, Khathutshelo Agree Nephawe1, Bohani Mtileni1
1Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|March 28, 2024
概括
博尔布尔犬品种表现出显著的近亲繁殖 (91.2%) 和遗传多样性丧失,少数祖先主导了基因库. 保护工作应侧重于均衡的繁殖和引入新的遗传多样性.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 狗的基因组学 狗的基因组学
背景情况:
- 博尔博尔犬 (BBD) 是南非本土的品种,对于守卫家园和农场至关重要.
- 该品种以其智力,大胆和力量而闻名,并被农业,土地改革和农村发展部 (DALRRD) 列为受保护物种.
- 了解BBD的遗传多样性对于其长期保护和可持续繁殖至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Boerboel犬种群中的遗传多样性和近亲繁殖水平.
- 为了确定有影响力的祖先,并评估对当前BBD人口的遗传贡献.
- 评估整体遗传健康状况并确定对品种多样性的潜在威胁.
主要方法:
- 利用了从综合登记和遗传信息系统 (INTERGIS) 获得的包括1971年至2019年的87,755个记录的血统数据.
- 采用PEDIG软件进行血统分析,以计算近亲繁殖系数,遗传多样性和祖先贡献.
- 确定有效人口规模,创始人数和男性和女性的有效创始人数.
主要成果:
- 确定了高的近亲繁殖水平,其中91.2%的动物是近亲繁殖的,平均7.5%的近亲繁殖.
- 计算出年内生繁殖率为0.20%和有效种群规模为83.1.1.
- 发现少数有影响力的祖先 (10) 占总遗传多样性的50%以上,表明创始人的贡献不平等和遗传瓶.
结论:
- 博尔布尔犬种群表现出大量遗传变异性损失和创始人的不平等遗传贡献.
- 尽管根据当前的指标,该品种并非处于危急灭绝状态,但它经历了遗传瓶.
- 未来的育种策略应该旨在实现平衡的母体种群比例,并考虑将遗传上遥远的品种纳入,以增强多样性.
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