在哥伦比亚农场 (塞萨尔省) 咖啡发酵过程中微生物的metataxonomic识别
Carmenza E Góngora1, Laura Holguín-Sterling2, Bertilda Pedraza-Claros2,3
1Department of Entomology, National Coffee Research Center, Cenicafé, Manizales 170009, Colombia.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2024
概括
咖啡发酵涉及一个由咖啡品种和农场条件影响的核心微生物群. 较长的发酵时间与提高咖啡质量的属性 (如酸度和香味) 相相关.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 咖啡质量受到收获后加工,特别是发酵的重大影响.
- 了解咖啡发酵过程中的微生物动态对于优化风味配置至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定咖啡发酵过程中的元纳税学多样性和微生物组成.
- 调查哥伦比亚微生物群落与咖啡质量之间的关系.
- 确定关键的微生物属及其与特定咖啡品种和发酵参数的关联.
主要方法:
- 使用16S rRNA (细菌) 和ITS (真菌) 基因测序进行的metataxonomic分析.
- 从咖啡粘液和种子中分离和识别形态型.
- 在哥伦比亚塞萨尔的20个农场采样,涉及三种咖啡品种 (Castillo General®,哥伦比亚,Cenicafé 1).
- 经过1042小时的发酵监测,采集粘液和种子样本.
主要成果:
- 确定了关键的细菌属,包括Gluconobacter,Leuconostoc和Acetobacter.
- 诸如汉斯尼亚斯波拉 (Hanseniaspora),坎迪达 (Candida) 和梅耶罗齐玛 (Meyerozyma) 这样的真菌属是普遍存在的.
- 特定的微生物家族 (Lactobacillacea,Secondilactobacillus) 和属是Cenicafé 1品种独有的.
- 92%的咖啡样本获得了"非常好"评分 (80.1-84.9SCA级).
- 延长发酵时间与提高酸度,香味和香气有关.
结论:
- 在咖啡发酵过程中存在中央微生物群,其变化受到咖啡品种,农场条件 (海拔,温度) 和发酵时间的影响.
- 微生物的组成和相互作用在确定咖啡的感官特征和杯子质量方面发挥着重要作用.
- 特定的农场和品种条件塑造了微生物群落,影响了可取的咖啡属性.
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