在较短但不较长的工作/休息周期的热量中,核心温度的高原
Joseph P Bachraty1, JianBo Qiao1, Elizabeth S Powers1
1Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
概括
与较长周期相比,在热中较短的工作/休息周期可以防止核心温度升高. 这表明,较短的工作间隔可能会减轻长时间工作期间的热应变.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 在炎热的环境中工作会带来热应变和高热的风险.
- 优化工作/休息周期对于在暴露于热量期间保持生理稳定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较两个不同的工作/休息周期结构 (40/20对20/10分钟) 的生理反应,在炎热的环境中以2:1的工作/休息比率.
- 为了确定工作周期持续时间对核心温度,皮肤温度和心率的影响.
主要方法:
- 14名参与者在热环境 (36.3 ± 0.6 °C) 中进行了随机交叉试验.
- 包括核心温度 (Tc),皮肤温度 (Tsk) 和心率 (HR) 在内的生理数据在两个条件下在120分钟的步行和休息期间收集:40分钟工作/20分钟休息 (40/20) 和20分钟工作/10分钟休息 (20/10).
- 统计分析使用了三向混合模型ANOVA.
主要成果:
- 在20/10条件下,核心温度 (Tc) 在第二个小时停滞不前 (p = 0.93),但在40/20条件下继续增加 (p < 0.01).
- 在这两种条件之间,没有发现最大Tc或工作结束Tsk的显著差异.
- 在40/20条件下,与20/10条件相比,40/20条件下 (145 ± 25 b·min−1) 的结束心率 (HR) 略高 (141 ± 27 b·min−1,p = 0.04).
结论:
- 较短的工作/休息周期 (20/10) 有效地防止了与较长周期 (40/20) 相比,在长时间在高温下工作时核心温度的升高.
- 虽然最大核心温度没有差异,但温度变化的模式表明,较短的工作间隔有利于减轻高温症.
- 较短工作时间的工作结构可能有利于在炎热条件下超过2小时的任务.
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