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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Bone Regeneration with Vascularized Artificial Cartilage Integration
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Bone Regeneration with Vascularized Artificial Cartilage Integration

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987

干细胞和骨组织工程

Xueqin Gao1, Joseph J Ruzbarsky1,2, Jonathan E Layne1

  • 1Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

开发用于骨组织工程的新策略对于治疗骨缺陷至关重要. 本综述探讨了用于骨修复的各种干细胞和外体,强调了它们在未来的再生疗法中的优缺点.

关键词:
脂肪衍生干细胞 脂肪衍生干细胞骨髓中介细胞干细胞 骨髓中介细胞干细胞骨形态遗传蛋白质 骨形态遗传蛋白质骨组织工程 骨组织工程牙髓干细胞是牙髓的干细胞.外基因组是外基因组中的一个.细胞外囊泡中的细胞外囊泡.这是一个微型RNA.肌肉衍生的干细胞是来自肌肉的干细胞.牙周带干细胞 牙周带干细胞骨周骨干细胞的干细胞周围血液的干细胞带干细胞来源于带干细胞.从尿液中获得的干细胞.

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科学领域:

  • 再生医学是一种再生医学.
  • 生物材料科学 生物材料科学
  • 整形外科手术 整形外科手术

背景情况:

  • 分段性骨缺陷在治疗中带来了重大挑战,原因是目前的方法 (如自体移植和全体移植) 的局限性.
  • 现有的骨缺陷治疗方法,包括宿主骨自移植和异位骨移植,具有相关的缺点,如收获地点共发病症和不良合并.
  • 迫切需要创新的骨组织工程策略来有效地解决骨缺陷.

研究的目的:

  • 审查利用各种产后干细胞用于骨组织工程和修复的进展情况.
  • 总结使用外体或细胞外囊泡与骨架进行骨再生的进展.
  • 讨论不同类型干细胞在骨修应用中的优缺点.

主要方法:

  • 基于干细胞的骨组织工程策略的综合文献综述.
  • 分析使用介质干细胞,脂肪基干细胞,牙髓干细胞和其他产后干细胞的研究.
  • 对外体和细胞外囊泡研究的评估,与骨修复的支架相结合.

主要成果:

  • 在过去的三十年中,在使用干细胞进行骨组织工程方面取得了重大进展.
  • 不同的干细胞来源,包括骨髓,脂肪组织,牙髓和带,显示出对骨修复的希望.
  • 外体和细胞外囊泡正在成为可行的治疗药物,用于通过支架传递骨再生.

结论:

  • 多种干细胞类型和外体细胞为开发新型骨再生疗法提供了有前途的途径.
  • 了解每个干细胞来源的具体优点和缺点是优化治疗策略的关键.
  • 将临床前发现转化为临床应用可能会彻底改变骨缺陷的治疗.